Design of potent bisphosphonate inhibitors of the human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase via targeted interactions with the active site 'capping' phenyls

Bioorg Med Chem. 2012 Sep 15;20(18):5583-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.019. Epub 2012 Jul 24.

Abstract

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) are potent active site inhibitors of the human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (hFPPS) and valuable human therapeutics for the treatment of bone-related malignancies. N-BPs are also useful in combination chemotherapy for patients with breast, prostate and multiple myeloma cancers. A structure-based approach was employed in order to design inhibitors that exhibit higher lipophilicity and better occupancy for the GPP sub-pocket of hFPPS than the current therapeutic drugs. These novel analogs were designed to bind deeper into the GPP sub-pocket by displacing the side chains of the 'capping' residue Phe 113 and engaging in favorable π-interactions with the side chain of Phe112.

MeSH terms

  • Catalytic Domain / drug effects
  • Diphosphonates / chemical synthesis
  • Diphosphonates / chemistry
  • Diphosphonates / pharmacology*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Design*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Geranyltranstransferase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Geranyltranstransferase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Diphosphonates
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Geranyltranstransferase